| REVIEW ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2019 | Volume
: 4
| Issue : 1 | Page : 1-9 |
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Cholesterol-mediated regulation of angiogenesis: An emerging paradigm
Lingping Zhu1, Qilin Gu2, Longhou Fang2
1 Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
2 Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
Correspondence Address:
Longhou Fang
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030
USA
Qilin Gu
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030
USA
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/cp.cp_5_19
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Angiogenesis, the fundamental process that generates new blood vessels from parental vessels, is essential for embryogenesis and pathogenesis. A variety of underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms control angiogenesis. In this review, we focus on a unique mechanism of action – cholesterol-regulated angiogenesis. We will discuss lipoproteins, including low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein, cholesterol-rich lipid rafts/caveolae, apoA-I-binding protein (AIBP, also known as NAXE)-regulated cholesterol efflux, the effect of the hydroxycholesterol-activated nuclear receptor liver X receptor α/β on the proangiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 and antiangiogenic Notch signaling, and cholesterol-modified sonic hedgehog signaling. These pathways can be exploited, either alone or in conjunction with the currently available regimen for angiogenesis treatment, to control neovascularization in dyslipidemia. A treatment protocol for angiogenesis that takes into consideration cholesterol management might constitute an important component in precision and personalized medicine. |
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